Heat-Related Illness: What to Look For and What to Do

Cartoon drawing of a sweating kid sitting on the ground under the hot sun

Heat-related illnesses are preventable. Learn the symptoms and what to do if you or a loved one shows signs of having a heat-related illness. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) make the following recommendations.

Heat stroke

Look for

  • High body temperature (103˚F or higher)
  • Hot, red, dry, or damp skin
  • Fast, strong pulse
  • Headache
  • Dizziness
  • Confusion
  • Nausea
  • Losing consciousness (passing out)

What to do

  • Call 911 right away-heat stroke is a medical emergency!
  • Move to a cooler place.
  • Help lower the person’s temperature with cool cloths or a cool bath.
  • Do not give the person anything to drink.

Heat exhaustion

Look for

  • Heavy sweating
  • Cold, pale, and clammy skin
  • Fast, weak pulse
  • Nausea or vomiting
  • Tiredness or weakness
  • Headache
  • Dizziness
  • Fainting (passing out)

What to do

  • Move to a cool place.
  • Loosen clothing.
  • Put cool, wet cloths on body or take a cool bath.
  • Sip water.

Get medical help right away if:

  • Person is vomiting
  • Symptoms are worsening or last longer than an hour

Heat Cramps

Look for

  • Heavy sweating during intense exercise
  • Muscle pain or spasms

What to do

  • Stop physical activity and move to a cool place.
  • Drink water or sports drink.
  • Wait for cramps to go away before resuming physical activity.

Get medical help right away if:

  • Cramps last longer than 1 hour
  • Person is on a low-sodium diet
  • Person has heart problems